diff --git a/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.cc.h b/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.cc.h
index 2c05125..97ca41e 100644
--- a/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.cc.h
+++ b/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.cc.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #include "ranges/dynamic_range.h"
 //#include "ranges/dynamic_meta.h"
 
-#include "rpack_num.h"
+//#include "rpack_num.h"
 
 namespace MultiArrayTools
 {
@@ -32,20 +32,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 
     
     
-    template <class Range>
-    void DynamicRangeFactory::appendx(std::shared_ptr<Range> r)
-    {
-	if(mProductCreated){
-	    
-	    mProd = std::shared_ptr<oType>( new DynamicRange( *std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd) ) );
-	    mProductCreated = false;
-	}
-	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mOrig.push_back(r);
-	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mSize *= r->size();
-	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mEmpty = false;
-	//std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mProtoI.push_back(mkIndexWrapper(r->begin()));
-    }
-
     template <class Range>
     void DynamicRangeFactory::append(std::shared_ptr<Range> r)
     {
@@ -57,7 +43,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mOrig.push_back(r);
 	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mSize *= r->size();
 	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mEmpty = false;
-	std::dynamic_pointer_cast<oType>(mProd)->mProtoI.push_back(mkIndexWrapper(r->begin()));
     }
 
     
@@ -148,51 +133,11 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
      *   DynamicRange    *
      ***********************/
 
-    template <size_t N>
-    struct InitProto
-    {
-	template <class... RangeTypes>
-	static void mk(vector<std::shared_ptr<IndexW>>& proto,
-		       const std::tuple<std::shared_ptr<RangeTypes>...>& orig)
-	{
-	    proto[N] = mkIndexWrapper(std::get<N>(orig)->begin());
-	    InitProto<N-1>::mk(proto, orig);
-	}
-
-	template <class RangeType, class... RangeTypes>
-	static void mk(vector<std::shared_ptr<IndexW>>& proto, size_t n,
-		       std::shared_ptr<RangeType> o, std::shared_ptr<RangeTypes>... origs)
-	{
-	    proto[n-1-N] = mkIndexWrapper(o->begin());
-	    InitProto<N-1>::mk(proto, n, origs...);
-	}
-    };
-
-    template <>
-    struct InitProto<0>
-    {
-	template <class... RangeTypes>
-	static void mk(vector<std::shared_ptr<IndexW>>& proto,
-		       const std::tuple<std::shared_ptr<RangeTypes>...>& orig)
-	{
-	    proto[0] = mkIndexWrapper(std::get<0>(orig)->begin());
-	}
-
-	template <class RangeType, class... RangeTypes>
-	static void mk(vector<std::shared_ptr<IndexW>>& proto, size_t n,
-		       std::shared_ptr<RangeType> o, std::shared_ptr<RangeTypes>... origs)
-	{
-	    proto[n-1] = mkIndexWrapper(o->begin());
-}
-    };
-
     template <class... RangeTypes>
     DynamicRange::DynamicRange(const std::tuple<std::shared_ptr<RangeTypes>...>& origs) :
 	RangeInterface<DynamicIndex>()
     {
 	RPackNum<sizeof...(RangeTypes)-1>::RangesToVec( origs, mOrig );
-	mProtoI.resize(sizeof...(RangeTypes));
-	InitProto<sizeof...(RangeTypes)-1>::mk(mProtoI, origs);
 	mSize = RPackNum<sizeof...(RangeTypes)-1>::getSize( origs );
 	if(sizeof...(RangeTypes)){
 	    mEmpty = false;
@@ -206,8 +151,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
     {
 	auto rst = std::make_tuple(origs...);
 	RPackNum<sizeof...(RangeTypes)-1>::RangesToVec( rst, mOrig );
-	mProtoI.resize(sizeof...(RangeTypes));
-	InitProto<sizeof...(RangeTypes)-1>::mk(mProtoI, sizeof...(RangeTypes), origs...);
 	mSize = RPackNum<sizeof...(RangeTypes)-1>::getSize( rst );
 	if(sizeof...(RangeTypes)){
 	    mEmpty = false;
@@ -233,3 +176,53 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 
     
 } // end namespace MultiArrayTools
+
+namespace MultiArrayHelper
+{
+    namespace
+    {
+        using namespace MultiArrayTools;
+    }
+
+    template <>
+    inline void resolveSetRange<DynamicRange>(std::shared_ptr<DynamicRange>& rp,
+                                              const vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> >& orig,
+                                              size_t origpos, size_t size)
+    {
+    	DynamicRangeFactory arf;
+	for(size_t op = origpos; op != origpos + size; ++op){
+	    //VCHECK(op);
+	    arf.append(orig[op]);
+	}
+    	rp = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<DynamicRange>( arf.create() );
+    }
+
+    template <>
+    inline void setRangeToVec<DynamicRange>(vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> >& v,
+                                            std::shared_ptr<DynamicRange> r)
+    {
+	if(not r->isEmpty()){
+	    for(size_t i = r->dim(); i != 0; --i){
+		v.insert(v.begin(), r->sub(i-1));
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+    template <>
+    inline size_t getStepSize<DynamicIndex>(const DynamicIndex& ii, std::intptr_t j)
+    {
+        size_t ss = 0;
+        size_t sx = 1;
+        for(size_t k = ii.dim(); k != 0; --k){
+	    const size_t i = k-1;
+            const auto& ni = ii.get(i);
+            const size_t max = ni.max();
+            const size_t tmp = ni.getStepSizeComp(j);
+            ss += tmp * ii.getStepSize(i);
+            sx *= max;
+        }
+        return ss;
+    }
+
+}
+
diff --git a/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.h b/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.h
index c22bfc2..39b9bbd 100644
--- a/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.h
+++ b/src/include/ranges/dynamic_range.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #include "ranges/dynamic_meta.h"
 
 #include "index_wrapper.h"
+#include "rpack_num.h"
 
 namespace MultiArrayTools
 {
@@ -24,23 +25,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
     {
 	using namespace MultiArrayHelper;
     }
-    //using MultiArrayHelper::DynamicExpression;
-
-    //using MultiArrayHelper::ExpressionHolder;
-    /*
-    class AbstractIW
-    {
-    public:
-        AbstractIW() = default;
-        AbstractIW(const AbstractIW& in) = default;
-        AbstractIW(AbstractIW&& in) = default;
-        AbstractIW& operator=(const AbstractIW& in) = default;
-        AbstractIW& operator=(AbstractIW&& in) = default;
-
-    };
-    */
-    
-    //typedef SingleRange<size_t,SpaceType::DYN> DynamicRange;
 
     class DynamicIndex : public IndexInterface<DynamicIndex,vector<char>>
     {
@@ -142,10 +126,7 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	template <class Range>
 	void append(std::shared_ptr<Range> r);
 
-	template <class Range>
-	void appendx(std::shared_ptr<Range> r);
-	
-	std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> create();
+        std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> create();
 
     private:
 	
@@ -164,7 +145,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	static constexpr size_t SIZE = -1;
 	static constexpr bool HASMETACONT = false;
 	
-        typedef vector<std::shared_ptr<IndexW>> IVecT;
 	typedef RangeBase RB;
 	typedef DynamicIndex IndexType;
 	typedef DynamicRange RangeType;
@@ -187,7 +167,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	bool mEmpty = true;
 	
 	vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> > mOrig;
-	IVecT mProtoI;
 
     public:
 	virtual size_t size() const final;
@@ -209,7 +188,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	virtual vector<char> data() const final;
 	
 	std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> sub(size_t num) const;
-	std::shared_ptr<IndexW> subI(size_t num) const;
 
 	template <class Range>
 	std::shared_ptr<Range> fullsub(size_t num) const;
@@ -235,44 +213,22 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 
 namespace MultiArrayHelper
 {
-    using namespace MultiArrayTools;
-
-    inline void resolveSetRange(std::shared_ptr<DynamicRange>& rp,
-                                const vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> >& orig,
-                                size_t origpos, size_t size)
+    namespace
     {
-    	DynamicRangeFactory arf;
-	for(size_t op = origpos; op != origpos + size; ++op){
-	    //VCHECK(op);
-	    arf.appendx(orig[op]);
-	}
-    	rp = std::dynamic_pointer_cast<DynamicRange>( arf.create() );
+        using namespace MultiArrayTools;
     }
 
-    inline void setRangeToVec(vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> >& v,
-                              std::shared_ptr<DynamicRange> r)
-    {
-	if(not r->isEmpty()){
-	    for(size_t i = r->dim(); i != 0; --i){
-		v.insert(v.begin(), r->sub(i-1));
-	    }
-	}
-    }
+    template <>
+    inline void resolveSetRange<DynamicRange>(std::shared_ptr<DynamicRange>& rp,
+                                              const vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> >& orig,
+                                              size_t origpos, size_t size);
 
-    inline size_t getStepSize(const DynamicIndex& ii, std::intptr_t j)
-    {
-        size_t ss = 0;
-        size_t sx = 1;
-        for(size_t k = ii.dim(); k != 0; --k){
-	    const size_t i = k-1;
-            const auto& ni = ii.get(i);
-            const size_t max = ni.max();
-            const size_t tmp = ni.getStepSizeComp(j);
-            ss += tmp * ii.getStepSize(i);
-            sx *= max;
-        }
-        return ss;
-    }
+    template <>
+    inline void setRangeToVec<DynamicRange>(vector<std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> >& v,
+                                            std::shared_ptr<DynamicRange> r);
+
+    template <>
+    inline size_t getStepSize<DynamicIndex>(const DynamicIndex& ii, std::intptr_t j);
 
 }
 
diff --git a/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.cc.h b/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.cc.h
index 212eb1a..fae672e 100644
--- a/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.cc.h
+++ b/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.cc.h
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
     }
 
     template <class Index>
-    std::shared_ptr<IndexWrapperBase> mkIndexWrapper(const Index& i)
+    inline std::shared_ptr<IndexWrapperBase> mkIndexWrapper(const Index& i)
     {
 	return std::make_shared<IndexWrapper<Index>>(std::make_shared<Index>(i));
     }
diff --git a/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.h b/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.h
index 3890a35..bd8dbef 100644
--- a/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.h
+++ b/src/include/ranges/index_wrapper.h
@@ -136,10 +136,10 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
         virtual std::shared_ptr<IndexWrapperBase> duplicate() const override final;
 	
     };
-
+    /*
     template <class Index>
     std::shared_ptr<IndexWrapperBase> mkIndexWrapper(const Index& i);
-
+    */
 }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/src/include/ranges/range_base.h b/src/include/ranges/range_base.h
index 5c27a76..dd2b421 100644
--- a/src/include/ranges/range_base.h
+++ b/src/include/ranges/range_base.h
@@ -100,6 +100,9 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	RangeBase() = default;
 	std::weak_ptr<RangeBase> mThis;
     };
+
+    template <class Index>
+    inline std::shared_ptr<IndexWrapperBase> mkIndexWrapper(const Index& i);
     
     template <class Index>
     class RangeInterface : public RangeBase
@@ -114,8 +117,9 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	virtual Index begin() const = 0;
 	virtual Index end() const = 0;
 	virtual std::shared_ptr<IndexWrapperBase> aindex() const override final
+        { return mkIndexWrapper(this->begin()); }
 	//{ auto i = std::make_shared<Index>(this->begin()); return std::make_shared<IndexWrapper<Index>>(i); } //!!!
-	{ auto i = std::make_shared<Index>(this->begin()); return nullptr; } //!!!
+	//{ auto i = std::make_shared<Index>(this->begin()); return nullptr; } //!!!
 
     protected:
 	RangeInterface() = default;
diff --git a/src/lib/ranges/dynamic_range.cc b/src/lib/ranges/dynamic_range.cc
index eade459..bf67603 100644
--- a/src/lib/ranges/dynamic_range.cc
+++ b/src/lib/ranges/dynamic_range.cc
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 		assert(this->range()->sub(i) == sIMap.at(iname)->range());
 	    }
 	    else {
-		sIMap[iname] = this->range()->subI(i);
+		sIMap[iname] = this->range()->sub(i)->aindex();
 	    }
 	    mIVec[i].first = sIMap.at(iname);
 	}
@@ -445,13 +445,6 @@ namespace MultiArrayTools
 	return mOrig.at(num);
     }
 
-    std::shared_ptr<IndexW> DynamicRange::subI(size_t num) const
-    {
-	assert(mProtoI.at(num) != nullptr);
-	return mProtoI.at(num)->duplicate();
-    }
-
-    
     void DynamicRange::sreplace(const std::shared_ptr<RangeBase> in, size_t num)
     {
 	assert(mOrig[num]->size() == in->size());